Prednisone: Efectos, usos y contraindicaciones
Este artículo fue publicado por el autor Editores el 09/02/2025 y actualizado el 09/02/2025. Esta en la categoria Artículos.
- What is Prednisone?
- How does Prednisone work?
- Therapeutic Indications of Prednisone
- Side Effects of Prednisone
- Contraindications of Prednisone
- Conclusion
- FAQ
- What is prednisone?
- How does prednisone work?
- What are the therapeutic indications of prednisone?
- What are the side effects of prednisone?
- What are the contraindications of prednisone?
- References
Prednisone is a corticosteroid drug that is widely used in the medical field. It has a variety of effects, uses, and contraindications that we will discuss in this article. We will explain what prednisone is, how it works, its therapeutic indications, side effects, and contraindications.
What is Prednisone?
Prednisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is used to treat various medical conditions. It is a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in alcohol, chloroform, acetone, and methanol. It has a molecular formula of C21H28O5 and a molecular weight of 358.46 g/mol.
Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted to prednisolone in the liver. Prednisolone is the active form of the drug that exerts its effects in the body. Prednisone is available in various forms, including tablets, delayed-release tablets, and solution.
How does Prednisone work?
Prednisone works by binding to glucocorticoid receptors in the cells. This binding activates the receptors, which then modulate the expression of various genes involved in inflammation, metabolism, and immune responses.
Prednisone has potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. It inhibits the release of various inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and cytokines. Prednisone also suppresses the immune system by inhibiting the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, such as T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and macrophages.
Therapeutic Indications of Prednisone
Prednisone is used to treat various medical conditions, including:
- Allergic reactions
- Asthma and other respiratory conditions
- Skin disorders, such as psoriasis and eczema
- Rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus
- Gastrointestinal diseases, such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
- Neurological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis and myasthenia gravis
- Eye conditions, such as uveitis and optic neuritis
- Cancer, such as leukemia and lymphoma
Prednisone is often used as a first-line or second-line treatment for these conditions. It can be used alone or in combination with other medications.
Side Effects of Prednisone
Prednisone has various side effects, including:
- Increased appetite and weight gain
- Fluid retention and edema
- Mood changes, such as euphoria, irritability, and depression
- Insomnia and sleep disturbances
- Fatigue and weakness
- Hypertension and cardiovascular complications
- Hyperglycemia and diabetes
- Cushing's syndrome, characterized by buffalo hump, moon face, and acne
- Osteoporosis and fractures
- Skin thinning and bruising
- Gastrointestinal problems, such as peptic ulcers and perforations
- Eye complications, such as cataracts and glaucoma
- Increased susceptibility to infections
The severity and frequency of these side effects depend on the dose, duration, and frequency of prednisone therapy.
Contraindications of Prednisone
Prednisone is contraindicated in the following situations:
- Systemic fungal infections
- Tuberculosis
- Viral infections, such as chickenpox and herpes zoster
- Vaccinations, live and attenuated
- Severe psychiatric disorders
- Pregnancy and lactation
Prednisone should be used with caution in the following situations:
- Peptic ulcer disease
- Hypertension
- Diabetes mellitus
- Osteoporosis
- Glaucoma or cataracts
- Renal or hepatic insufficiency
- Thyroid disease
Conclusion
In conclusion, prednisone is a corticosteroid drug that has various effects, uses, and contraindications. It has potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. Prednisone is used to treat various medical conditions, including allergic reactions, respiratory conditions, skin disorders, rheumatic diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, neurological disorders, eye conditions, and cancer. However, prednisone has various side effects, such as increased appetite, fluid retention, mood changes, sleep disturbances, hypertension, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, and skin thinning. Prednisone is contraindicated in systemic fungal infections, tuberculosis, viral infections, vaccinations, severe psychiatric disorders, pregnancy, and lactation.
FAQ
What is prednisone?
Prednisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is used to treat various medical conditions.
How does prednisone work?
Prednisone works by binding to glucocorticoid receptors in the cells and modulating the expression of various genes involved in inflammation, metabolism, and immune responses.
What are the therapeutic indications of prednisone?
Prednisone is used to treat various medical conditions, including allergic reactions, respiratory conditions, skin disorders, rheumatic diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, neurological disorders, eye conditions, and cancer.
What are the side effects of prednisone?
Prednisone has various side effects, such as increased appetite, fluid retention, mood changes, sleep disturbances, hypertension, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, and skin thinning.
What are the contraindications of prednisone?
Prednisone is contraindicated in systemic fungal infections, tuberculosis, viral infections, vaccinations, severe psychiatric disorders, pregnancy, and lactation.
References
- Prednisone - DrugBank (drugbank.ca)
- Prednisone - National Library of Medicine
- Prednisone - Mayo Clinic
- Prednisone: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Dosage, and Warning - WebMD
- Prednisone and prednisolone: What you need to know - NHS
- Prednisolone - National Library of Medicine
Deja un comentario